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Khovanov homology : ウィキペディア英語版
Khovanov homology
In mathematics, Khovanov homology is an invariant of oriented knots and links that arises as the homology of a chain complex. It may be regarded as a categorification of the Jones polynomial.
It was developed in the late 1990s by Mikhail Khovanov, then at the University of California, Davis, now at Columbia University.
==Overview==
To any link diagram ''D'' representing a link ''L'', we assign the Khovanov bracket (), a chain complex of graded vector spaces. This is the analogue of the Kauffman bracket in the construction of the Jones polynomial. Next, we normalise () by a series of degree shifts (in the graded vector spaces) and height shifts (in the chain complex) to obtain a new chain complex C(''D''). The homology of this chain complex turns out to be an invariant of ''L'', and its graded Euler characteristic is the Jones polynomial of ''L''.

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